SENTENCE

Chapter III

SENTENCE

(kalimat)

A.     Definition

Rangkaian kata bermakna sempurna berpola (Subject + Predicate) yang diakhiri tanda baca pengakhir.

B.     Kinds

1)      Berdasarkan Verb

a)      Verbal Sentence

Kalimat yang verb ordinary-nya berupa selain “Be” (be,is/am/are, was/were, been, being).

E.g. My father is going to work.

b)      Nominal sentence

Kalimat yang verb ordinary-nya berupa “Be” (be, is/am/are, was/were, been, being)..

E.g. He has been from hospital.

2)      Berdasarkan Jumlah dan Jenis Clause

a)      Simple Sentence (kal. tunggal)

Kalimat yang terdiri dari satu clause. Simple sentence mempunyai 1 subject dan 1 predikat

E.g. He drinks a glass of milk everyday.

b)      Compound Sentence (kal. majemuk setara)

Def: kalimat yang terdiri dari min. 2 clause berjenis main clause (Ord. Conj.).

E.g. My father waters flowers in the garden and my mother feeds my brother.

c)      Complex Sentence (kal. majemuk bertingkat)

Def: kalimat yang terdiri dari min. 2 clause berjenis main clause dan sub clause (Sub-Ord. Conj.).

E.g. The students keep going to school, although it is raining.

d)      Compound-Complex Sentence (kal. maj. campuran)

Def: kalimat yang terdiri dari min. 3 clause berjenis main clause dan sub clause (Ord. dan Sub-Ord. Conj.).

E.g. Sam took Jane up and bought her a candy before he left her.

3)      Berdasarkan Bentuk

a)      Statement (pernyataan)

ð  Positive          : he will arrive here tomorrow.

ð  Negative         : he will not arrive here tomorrow.

b)      Question (pertanyaan)

ð  Yes/No Question

E.g. will he arrive here tomorrow?

ð  Information Question

E.g. when he will arrive here?

c)      Imperative (perintah)

ð  Subject full

Def: kalimat perintah dimana orang yang memerintahkan ikut melakukan aktifitas.

Form:

Ø  Let’s + V1 ……! E.g. ·        Let’s study hard! ·        Let’s be better!

Ø  Let’s + not + V1 … ! ·        Let’s not stay silent! ·        Let’s not be lazy!

ð  Subject less (invitation)

Def: kalimat perintah dimana orang yang memerintahkan tidak ikut melakukan aktifitas.

Form:

Ø  V1 ……… ! E.g. ·        Come back soon! ·        Be honest!

Ø  Don’t + V1 …… ! ·        Don’t cry! ·        Don’t be shy!

d)      Exclamation (kekaguman)

Forms:

Ø  What + (a) + Adj + N + S + V……!

Ø  How + Adj/Adv + S + V……!

E.g.

What a big house you have!

I.       Determine the sentences below based on the verb!

1.           The man in the corner is very kind.

2.           My father is repairing my cycle.

3.           Olive was going to school with her friends yesterday.

4.           Jack had been in Pare.

5.           The red car was sold two days ago.

6.           Fred would have made the well.

7.           The phone is ringing now.

8.           We have been here for 3 months.

9.           My friends are being impolite.

10.       I am here waiting for you.

II.    Put the words in brackets into the blank.

1. __________ upstairs. (to go)
2. __________ in this lake. (not/to swim)
3. __________your homework. (to do)
4. __________ football in the yard. (not/to play)
5. __________ your teeth. (to brush)
6. __________ during the lesson. (not/to talk)
7. __________ the animals in the zoo. (not/to feed)
8. __________ the instructions. (to read)
9. __________ late for school. (not/to be)
10. __________ your mobiles. (to switch off