PART OF SPEECH-ADJECTIVE
ADJECTIVE
(kata
sifat)
A. Definition
Kata yang digunakan untuk
menjelaskan Noun dan Pronoun.
B. Kinds
A) Determinative (menentukan)
1)
Article (kata sandang)
the : singular, plural,
uncount.
a/an : singular
2)
Demonstrative (kata tunjuk)
|
Funct.
Meaning
|
Singular/Uncount
|
Plural
|
|
Ini
|
This
|
These
|
|
Itu
|
That
|
Those
|
Note:
|
Demostrative
|
||
|
Pronoun
|
Vs.
|
Adjective
|
|
Tidak diikuti noun
E.g.
These are some expensive bags
|
|
Diikuti noun
E.g.
I do not like this feeling
|
3)
Possessive (kepemilikan)
a)
Adjective : my, your, our, their,
his, her, its.
b)
Genitive (‘s) : boy’s, children’s, Adam’s, Yunus’s
NOTICE!
Aturan penambahan -‘s:
·
Singular noun berakhiran –s,
bisa dtambah –‘/‘s.
E.g. Elis’/Elis’s, yunus’/yunus’s, Anis’/Anis’s etc.
·
Plural noun berakhiran –s,
hanya ditambah –‘
E.g. Students’, boys’ etc.
4)
Indefinite Quantity (jumlah
yang tidak jelas)
|
Makna
Funct.
|
Banyak
|
Sedikit
|
Beberapa
|
|
Plural
|
Many
|
Few
|
Several, Some, Any
|
|
Uncount.
|
Much
|
Little
|
Some, Any
|
Note:
|
Some
|
Vs.
|
Any*
|
|
1. Positive
I have some money
2. Interrogative (yes-expected)
Do you have some pencils?
|
|
1. Negative
I don’t have any money
2. Interrogative
Do you have any problems?
|
* Selain keterangan di
atas, any juga memiliki makna “sembarang”, yang bisa dibuat dalam kalimat
positive, negative maupun interrogative.
E.g.
(+) You can do
anything you want. (segala sesuatu)
(-) I don’t
have any pencils to lend you (pensil apapun)
(?) Do you have
any water to drink? (air apapun/jenis apa saja)
5)
Numeral (bilangan)
a)
Ordinal (tingkatan)
E.g. first, second, third, fourth, fifth etc.
b)
Cardinal (jumlah)
E.g. one, two, three, four, five, six etc.
B) Descriptive (menggambarkan)
1)
Quality/character
(kualitas/sifat)
E.g. smart, kind, beautiful, expensive, good, bad etc.
2)
Size (ukuran)
E.g. Tall-short, long-short, high-low, fat-thin, thick-thin,
big-small etc.
3)
Age (umur)
E.g. young-old (person), new-old (thing).
4)
Temperature (suhu)
E.g. hot, warm, cold.
5)
Participle (verb yang berfungsi
sebagai adjective)
a)
Present Participle (Ving/sifat)
E.g. boring, tiring, interesting, annoying etc.
b)
Past Participle (V3/keadaan)
E.g. bored, tired, interested, annoyed etc.
6)
Shape (bentuk)
E.g. circle, round, triangle, square, pentagon, cube, pyramid,
prism, tube etc.
7)
Color (warna)
E.g. black, white, red, blue, green, yellow, pink, gray, brown,
violet, purple etc.
C. Functions
1.
Attributive
“Adjective yang menjelaskan noun dalam susunan phrase”.
Ø Head : inti (noun)
Ø Modifier : penjelas
(adjective)
Form:
Modifier + Head
E.g.
·
Sebuah sepeda tua yang mahal.
A1 H B3 B1
Ø An expensive old cycle.
A1 B1 B3 H
2.
Predicative
“Adjective yang menjelaskan noun dalam susunan kalimat”
a.
Subjective Complement
E.g. The girl is interesting.
S/n V
S.C/adj
b.
Objective Complement
E.g. Liona makes Andrew impressed.
S/n V O/n O.C/adj
I.
Translate into English!
1.
Dua mobil mewah.
……………………………………………………………………………
2.
Sebuah sepeda yang mahal.
……………………………………………………………………….……
3.
Anak kedua pamanku.
……………………………………………………………………….……
4.
Istri ketiga Brian yang cantik.
……………………………………………………………………….……
5.
Sepuluh buah apel hijau yang
besar besar. ……………………………………………………………………….……
6.
Lima mangga mudaku yang asam. ……………………………………………………………………….……
7.
Suara aneh yang mengerikan.
……………………………………………………………………….……
8.
Sebuah telaga merah keramat.
……………………………………………………………………….……
9.
Tiga pemuda tinggi yang rajin.
……………………………………………………………………….……
10.
Seorang pengusaha sukses yang
kaya. ……………………………………………………………………….…….
II. Arrange into good phrase!
1.
Lady-a/an-thin-smart-young-kind.
………………………………………………………………………………
2.
Some-big-boats-blue-beautiful.
………………………………………………………………………………
3.
Kind-teacher-my-interesting-old.
………………………………………………………………………………
4.
Round-small-lamp-new-a.
………………………………………………………………………………
5.
Knives-new-sharp-three-dangerous.
………………………………………………………………………………
ADJECTIVE
vs. ADVERB
Underline the correct
answers below!
1.
She shouted (angry/angrily) at him.
2.
He is a (careless/carelessly) worker.
3.
If you ask (nice/nicely), I will give it to you.
4.
Be Quiet! I can't think (clear/clearly) if you are always
talking.
5.
Why are you (angry/angrily)?
6.
You are always so (slow/slowly), come on!
7.
Those chocolates look (nice/nicely). Can I have one?
8.
She opened the door (slow/slowly).
9.
It is a beautiful (clear/clearly) day.
10. You write so (careless/carelessly).
Look at these mistakes!
Fill
in the words in brackets as adjective or adverb like in the example.
Example: Peter works ______ (slow).
Answer: Peter works slowly.
Example: Peter works ______ (slow).
Answer: Peter works slowly.
1)
He ____________ reads a book. (quick)
2)
Mandy is a ____________ girl. (pretty)
3)
The class is ____________ loud
today. (terrible)
4)
Max is a ____________ singer. (good)
5)
You can____________ open this tin. (easy)
6)
It's a ____________ day today. (terrible)
7)
She sings the song
____________. (good)
8)
He is a ____________ driver. (careful)
9)
He drives the car ____________.
(careful)
10)
The dog barks ____________ (loud)
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