PASSIVE VOICE
Chapter VIII
PASSIVE VOICE
VOICE
Def : Bentuk
kata kerja yang mengindikasikan subjek dikenai pekerjaan.
Kinds:
1. Active Voice
ð
Pola : S + V …….
ð
Subject : pelaku (melakukan pekerjaan).
ð
Makna : me ……… /ber ………
ð
Tenses : 16 tenses
ð
Kalimat : semua jenis kalimat
E.g.
He studies English every day.
They were taking a walk together.
I have been in London
2. Passive Voice
ð Pola : S + be + V3 + by Agent
ð Subject : penderita (dikenai
pekerjaan).
ð Makna : di ……… /ter ………
ð Tenses : 10 tenses
ð Kalimat : Verbal sentence
Transitive Verb
E.g.
I am always visited by her.
Form:
|
Time
Event
|
Present
|
Past
|
Future
|
Past. Fut
|
|
Simp
|
Is/am/are V3
|
Was/were
|
Will/shall be
|
Would/should be
|
|
Cont.
|
Is/am/are being
|
Was/were being
|
___
|
___
|
|
Perf.
|
Have/has been
|
Had been
|
Will/shall have been
|
Would/should have been
|
|
Perf. Cont.
|
___
|
___
|
___
|
___
|
NOTICE!!!
1.
Penulisan “By Agent”
a.
Ditulis
ð Dianggap penting dalam menambah informasi.
E.g.
A) Jim took my pen yesterday.
P) My pen was taken by Jim yesterday
b.
Tidak ditulis
ð Indefinite Pronoun
E.g.
A) Someone is breaking the door.
P) The door is being knocked
ð Profesi
E.g.
A) the teacher has taught these chapters
already.
P) These chapter have been taught
already.
ð Tidak diketahui, bahkan tidak penting untuk diketahui.
E.g.
A) Government built Monas in Jakarta.
P) Monas was built in Jakarta.
2.
Kalimat yang tidak bisa
dipasifkan.
a.
Nominal Sentence
E.g. They are smart students.
b.
Intransitive Verb
E.g. He always swims in the river on
Saturdays.
c.
Certain Transitive Verbs
1)
Lack (Kekurangan)
E.g.
The flower lacks water
2)
Fit (cocok dengan/mencocokkan
(ukuran))
E.g.
He fits the key in the
lock.
3)
Suit (cocok/sesuai dengan
(warna))
E.g.
The colour doesn’t suit
you.
4)
Resemble (mirip)
E.g.
She resembles her mother.
5)
Have (mempunyai)
E.g.
I have a new car
A new car is had by me. (Incorrect)
A new car belongs to me (structure active, meaning passive).
3.
Variasi Passive Voice
a)
Modal Auxiliary
Form:
ð
Modal + be + V3
E.g.
A) He could climb the coconut palm.
P) The coconut palm could be climbed
by him
b)
Ditransitive verb
Form:
ð
IO + be + V3 + DO + by agent
ð
DO + be + V3 + to/for + IO + by agent
E.g.
A) She gave me 2 candies.
P) IO : I was given 2
candies by her.
DO : 2 candies were given to me by her.
c)
Question
1.
Yes/No Question
Form:
ð
Aux + S + be + V3 + by agent
……….?
E.g.
Active :
the children are playing football now.
Passive :
football is being played by the children now.
Yes/No :
is football being played by the children now?
2.
Information Question
ð
Q.W + aux + S + be + V3 + by
agent ……….?
E.g.
Football is being played by
the children now.
a b c d
a)
What is being played by the
children now?
b)
What is being done by the
children now?
c)
(by) whom is football being
played (by) now?
d) When is football being played by the children?
STATIVE PASSIVE
Def: bentuk kalimat yang menggunakan pola passive (be +
V3), tetapi bukan termasuk kalimat passive.
Stative Passive bermakna keadaan/kondisi dan termasuk kalimat nominal.
Ciri-ciri:
Ø
Tidak terdapat tindakan
Ø
Tidak terdapat “by agent”
Ø
V3 berfungsi sebagai Adjective.
E.g.
1.Active : Sam locks the
door.
Passive : The door is locked by Sam.
Stative : Now, the door is locked.
2.Active : Jane broke the
tables.
Passive : The tables were broken by jane.
Stative : Then, the tables were broken.
3.Active : those students surprised the teacher.
Passive : the teacher was
surprised by those students.
Stative : Then, the teacher was
surprised.
EXERCISE:
Change the active to passive! (Statement)
1.
They bring an umbrella.
…………………………………………………………………………………
2.
They are bringing an umbrella.
…………………………………………………………………………………
3.
They have brought an umbrella.
…………………………………………………………………………………
4.
They brought an umbrella.
…………………………………………………………………………………
5.
They were bringing an umbrella.
…………………………………………………………………………………
6.
They had brought an umbrella.
…………………………………………………………………………………
7.
They will bring an umbrella.
…………………………………………………………………………………
8.
They will have brought an
umbrella.
…………………………………………………………………………………
9.
They would bring an umbrella.
…………………………………………………………………………………
10. They would have brought an umbrella.
…………………………………………………………………………………
Change these active
sentences to passive (Question)
1.
Do
you eat the rice?
………………………………………………………………………………
2.
Is
my father advising you?
………………………………………………………………………………
3.
Have
they admitted their mistakes?
………………………………………………………………………………
4.
Did
she abduct a baby?
………………………………………………………………………………
5.
Had
you cut the grass last time?
………………………………………………………………………………
6.
Will
you remember my birthday?
………………………………………………………………………………
7.
Who
will have obeyed the rules?
………………………………………………………………………………
8.
What
will she copy?
………………………………………………………………………………
9.
When
have you done it?
………………………………………………………………………………
10. Where was a cat eating a mouse?
………………………………………………………………………………
11. Whom did we visit last night?
………………………………………………………………………………
12. What is she doing?
………………………………………………………………………………
Change the active to passive! (Statement-Question)
1.
Your tricks won’t fool me.
…………………………………………………………………………………
2.
Is He painting his house?
…………………………………………………………………………………
3.
The president will have made
the announcement.
…………………………………………………………………………………
4.
She hadn’t closed the door.
…………………………………………………………………………………
5.
A thief stole my bag yesterday.
…………………………………………………………………………………
6.
Do you buy a new book every
month?
…………………………………………………………………………………
7.
They didn’t answer my question.
…………………………………………………………………………………
8.
Jane is preparing her report.
…………………………………………………………………………………
9.
Will Maria invite Sam to her
party?
…………………………………………………………………………………
10. The teacher is going to explain the lesson.
…………………………………………………………………………………
11. I didn’t write the note. Jim wrote it.
…………………………………………………………………………………
12. Alice hasn’t made the cake. Has her mother made it?
…………………………………………………………………………………
13. Glenn isn’t borrowing my books.
…………………………………………………………………………………
14. He won’t send a letter.
…………………………………………………………………………………
15. I can’t find my pen. Who has taken it?
…………………………………………………………………………………
Change the active into passive if possible! (Analysis)
1.
The secretary will type the
paper tomorrow.
…………………………………………………………………………………
2.
My sister is watering the
flower in the garden.
…………………………………………………………………………………
3.
My cat died in the kitchen
yesterday.
…………………………………………………………………………………
4.
Barbara dropped the cup.
…………………………………………………………………………………
5.
The cup fell to the floor.
…………………………………………………………………………………
6.
Alex was sleeping in My room.
…………………………………………………………………………………
7.
Many people have watched KCB.
…………………………………………………………………………………
8.
Simon wouldn’t postpone his
program.
…………………………………………………………………………………
9.
Michael has admitted his
mistakes.
…………………………………………………………………………………
10.
The driver is driving an
antique car.
…………………………………………………………………………………
Move the following sentences into appropriate
sentence!
1.
A: ………………………………………………………………………………
P : You are visited by
him.
2.
A: They aren’t studying
English.
P :
……………………………………………………………………………..
3.
A: Has she bought the new
magazine?
P : ……………………………………………………………………………
4.
A: ………………………………………………………………………………
P : Were they being
visited by their mother?
5.
A: ………………………………………………………………………………
P : What has been seen by
you?
6.
A: ………………………………………………………………………………
P : My brother had been
punished in the school.
7.
A: Will they be growing a
coconut tree?
P : ……………………………………………………………………………
8.
A: ………………………………………………………………………………
P : A parcel was sent to
her by me.
9.
A: ………………………………………………………………………………
P : By whom are you sent
a card?
10.
A: He teaches his son a new
word
P : ……………………………………………………………………………
Translate into English!
1.
Mereka diundang ke rapat itu
kemarin.
…………………………………………………………………………………
2.
Dia tidak akan di beri tahu tentang
berita itu.
…………………………………………………………………………………
3.
Sebuah foto menarik diletakkan
diatas meja.
…………………………………………………………………………………
4.
Jembatan itu tidak dibangun
pada tahun 2000.
…………………………………………………………………………………
5.
Siswa itu sedang dihukum oleh
kepala sekolah.
…………………………………………………………………………………
Put the correct verb! (Active or Passive)
1.
His old car (sell) ………………………………
yesterday.
2.
This is a very popular program.
Every week it (watch) ……………………………… by millions of people.
3.
Tomorrow the cycle (ride)
……………………………… by my brother.
4.
Nothing (change) ………………………………
since I left.
5.
I become quite nervous when I
knew that my speech (record) ……………………………… yesterday afternoon.
6.
The teacher (explain)
……………………………… the lesson at the present.
7.
Komodo (believe) ………………………………
to descendent from Dinosaurs.
8.
Their children (cry)
……………………………… loudly when they (leave) ………………………………………… by their mother.
9.
They (read) ……………………………… a
newspaper every morning.
At the moment our
new house (design) ……………………………… by well known architect.
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