TENSES



Chapter IV
TENSES

A.    Definition
Perubahan kata kerja yang di pengaruhi oleh waktu (time) dan tingkat kesempurnaan kejadian (event).
§  Time
a.       Present        : masa sekarang
b.      Past             : masa lampau
c.       Future         : masa yang akan datang
d.      Past Future  : rencana yang gagal dimasa lampau


§  Event
a.       Simple        : Sederhana
b.      Continuous : Sedang berlangsung
c.       Perfect        : telah selesai
d.      Perf. Cont.  : durasi kejadian

Subject-Verb Agreement

Subj.
Present
Past
Fut.
Past fut.
Simp.
Cont.
Perf.
Simp.
Cont.
Perf.
U.K
U.S
U.K
U.S
I


do
am
h
a
v
e


d
i
d
was


h
a
d
shall

w
i
l
l
should

w
o
u
l
d
You

are

were
will
would
We
shall
should
They


will


would
She

does

is
h
a
s

was
He
It
                         




B.     Kinds and Forms
1.      Verbal Tenses
            Time
  Event
Present
Past
Future
Past Future
Simple
v1(s/es)
v2
will/shall + v1
would/should + v1
Cont.
is/am/are
+ ving
was/were
+ ving
will/shall be
+ ving
would/should be
+ ving
 Perfect
have/has
+ v3
had + v3
will/shall have
+ v3
would/should have
+ v3
Perf. Cont.
have/has
been+ving
had been
+ ving
will/shall have
been + ving
would/should have
been + ving


2.      Nominal Tenses
             Time
  Event
Present
Past
Future
Past Future
Simple
is/am/are
+ S.C
was/were
+ S.C
will/shall be
+ S.C
would/should be
+ S.C
Cont.



 Perfect
have/has
been +S.C
had been
+ S.C
will/shall have
been + S.C
would/should
have been + S.C
Perf. Cont.







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