PART OF SPEECH-VERB
VERB
(Kata
Kerja)
A. Definition
Kata yang menunjukkan aktivitas (Dynamic verb) dan keadaan/kondisi
(Stative verb).
Dynamic verbs : Eat, sleep,
run, take a bath etc.
Stative verbs : Know,
understand, have etc.
B. Kinds
1)
Berdasarkan Posisi
1.
Ordinary (Kata kerja utama)
ð Kata kerja yang harus ada dalam suatu clause, dan hanya ada satu.
2.
Auxiliary (Kata kerja bantu)
ð Kata kerja yang tidak harus ada dalam suatu clause, dan boleh
berjumlah lebih dari satu.
Kinds:
a.
Primary
Kata kerja yang bantu yang membantu
membentuk karakter tenses.
Kinds:
ð Be : is/am/are,
was/were, been, being
ð Do : does, did
ð Have : has, had
b.
Modal
Kata kerja bantu yang menambahkan makna pada kata kerja ordinary.
Kinds:
ð will/would, shall/should, can/could, may/might, had better, ought
to, must.
c.
Emphasize
Kata kerja Bantu yang memberi makna
penegasan.
Kinds:
ð Do, does, did (sungguh-sungguh/benar-benar)
NOTE:
Hanya bisa digunakan dalam kalimat verbal positive simple present
dan simple past.
E.g
I do love my sister (aku benar benar menyayangi saudaraku)
2)
Berdasarkan Bentuk
a.
Bare Infinitive (V1) : study give be
b.
To Infinitive (to V1) : to study to give to
be
c.
Additional Inf. (Vs/es) : studies gives is/am/are
d.
Past tense (V2) : studied gave was/were
e.
Present Participle (Ving) : studying giving being
f.
Past Participle (V3) : studied given been
3)
Berdasarkan Perubahan
a)
Regular (beraturan) –d/ed
|
V1
|
V2
|
V3
|
|
work
|
worked
|
worked
|
|
open
|
opened
|
opened
|
b)
Irregular (tidak beraturan)
|
V1
|
V2
|
V3
|
|
drink
|
drank
|
drunk
|
|
take
|
took
|
taken
|
4)
Berdasarkan Object
1)
Transitive [T]
Kata
kerja yang membutuhkan object.
Kinds:
a)
Monotransitive
Kata kerja yang membutuhkan 1
object.
Form:
S + Vt + O
E.g. He visits me every week.
b)
Ditransitive
Kata kerja yang bisa membutuhkan 2 object.
a.
Direct Object (Object Langsung), object yang langsung dikenai verb. Biasany
berupa non-person.
b.
Indirect Object (Object Tak Langsung), object sasaran yang menjadi tujuan dari
Direct Object. Biasanya berupa person.
Form:
S + Vd + IO + DO
S + Vd + DO + to/for + IO
E.g.
Tom gave Susi a flower.
IO
DO
Tom gave a flower to Susi
DO IO
c)
Complex Transitive
Kata kerja yang membutuhkan Object
+ Complement. Karena menjelaskan object, maka complement ini disebut
Objective Complement (adj, noun, to inf, bare inf, and past part).
Form:
S + Vc + O + Objective
Complement
E.g. I will make you happy.
O OC
2)
Intransitive [I]
Kata
kerja yang tidak membutuhkan object.
Kinds:
a)
Complete Predicative (Bermakna
Lengkap)
Intransitive verb yang telah bermakna sempurna, meskipun tanpa
complement.
Form:
S + Vi + (Adv.)
E.g. he runs very fast.
b)
Incomplete Predicative
(Bermakna Tidak Lengkap)
Intransitive verb yang belum bermakna sempurna jika tidak ada
complement. Karena menjelaskan subject, maka complement ini disebut Subjective
Complement (adjective, noun, adverb)
Incomplete Predicative Verb disebut juga Linking Verb, yaitu verb
yang menghubungkan antara subject dan subjective complement.
Form:
S + Lv + Subjective Complement
E.g. You look so sad.
3)
Intra-Transitive Verb [I,T]
Kata
kerja yang bisa menjadi Transitive atau Intransitive sesuai konteks.
E.g.
He
is studying in my room now.
He
is studying English in Pare.
5)
Berdasarkan Fungsi
a)
Finite Verb
Verb yang berfungsi sebagai verb.
E.g. my mother is cooking roasted chicken.
b)
Infinite Verb
Verb yang berfungsi sebagai non-verb.
E.g. cooking is her hobby.
Underline the correct answer!
1. Marry and I (am/are/is) staying in the hotel.
2. Are (you/I/she) learning Arabic at school?
3. He (did/do/have) not wear my shoes.
4. (shall/had/should) you gone to USA?
5. (does/was/do) they run fast?
6. (Bob/Sam and Jack/We) has bought me a candy.
7. What (has/have/will) I done?
8. The dogs (are/is/am/was) very funny.
9. There (am/is/are/has) some books in the library.
10. Where (am/is/are) the student going to go?
Complete the crossword with
the Simple Past forms of the irregular verbs
|
ACROSS:
1) know
3) ring
4) wear
5) teach
7) send
10) lose
12) understand
13) put
14) buy
|
15) forget
16) draw
17) catch
19) drink
22) fly
23) eat
24) read
25) pay
|
DOWN:
2) write
4) win
5) think
6) give
7) sell
8) sleep
9) fight
11) speak
|
|
|
15) find
16) drive
18) swim
20) ride
21) keep
22) feed
24) run
|
Subject-Verb Agreement
Fill in the blanks with ‘is' or ‘are'.
1.
The rose _____ a beautiful
flower.
2.
His two sons _____ still small.
3.
My brother _____ doing his
degree at that university.
4.
Dogs _____ the most faithful
animals.
5.
There _____ a lot of ants on
the tree.
6.
That chair _____ comfortable to
sit on.
7.
The equator _____ an imaginary
line round the earth.
8.
The natives of this island
_____ a friendly people.
9.
We _____ waiting for the bus.
10. _____ your mother sleeping now?
Fill in the blanks with ‘does' or ‘do'.
1.
_____ you know him?
2.
That _____ not mean I _____ not
like her.
3.
Please _____ not smoke here.
4.
_____ anybody know the answer?
5.
They _____ not want to play.
6.
It _____ not matter where you
put it.
7.
He _____ the measuring and we
_____ the cutting.
8.
Those sheep _____ not belong to
that farmer.
9.
My feet _____ not get tired
easily.
10. Everyone here _____ not know about it.
11. He _____ a law degree.
12. They _____ gone to the cinema.
13. Only one of the students _____ failed the test.
14. "_____ you ever done online banking?"
15. "We _____ not done our homework yet.
16. Each of you _____ to pay a dollar.
17. There _____ been no complaint so far.
18. Does he _____ a bicycle?
19. What _____ she got to say about this?
Choose the correct word for each sentence.
1.
The earth _____ (go, goes)
round the sun.
2.
He _____ (go, goes) to school
by bus.
3.
I often _____ (go, goes) to the
library.
4.
She wants to _____ (go, goes)
to the library?
5.
She does not _____ (go, goes)
to the library?
6.
Oh, she does _____ (go, goes)
to the library.
7.
He often _____ (go, goes) to
the cinema.
8.
Every one of us must _____ (go,
goes) to school.
9.
Every one of us usually _____
(go, goes) to school early.
10. He too has to _____ (go, goes) to school.
Choose the correct word for each sentence.
1.
She __________ (read, reads) every day.
2.
I __________ (drink, drinks) milk every day.
3.
__________ (like, likes) to
swim.
4.
My neighbours __________ (talk,
talks) to us every day.
5.
He __________ (speak, speaks)
good English.
6.
They __________ (work, works)
in that factory.
7.
One of us __________ (live,
lives) near the hospital.
8.
Those deer in the zoo__________
(look, looks) hungry.
9.
Every one of the postmen__________
(ride, rides) a bicycle.
10. The black dog can__________ (bark, barks) very loudly.
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